(949) 824-6879
sperling@uci.edu
Personal Statement
Vitas, Publication Lists, Summaries
Nine Review Articles Publications Abstracts (1996-1999) Human
Information Processing Laboratory: George Sperling; Staff; AIC
Conference; Classes Department
of Cognitive Sciences Department
of Neurobiology and Behavior Institute
for Mathematical Behavioral SciencesIn college, at the University of Michigan, I wanted to be a scientist, but I didn't know which branch of science, so I majored in chemistry, physics, mathematics, and biology. Then I did a brief stint in biophysics before discovering physiological psychology and, at last, perceptual and cognitive psychology. I received my Ph.D. from Harvard in 1959 for a thesis on short-term memory. My goal then, as now, was to apply the quantitative and theoretical methods of the hard sciences to the analysis of cognitive processes.
My early research dealt with empirical studies of human information processing (very short-term visual memory systems, post-stimulus masking, and the like) and with mathematical/neural models of the visual processes of light adaptation, flicker sensitivity, contrast detection, and stereopsis. More recently, Adam Reeves and I developed a mathematical theory for temporal attentional filtering, and a corresponding psychophysical method for measuring shifts of visual attention. Erich Weichselgartner and I exploited these methods to show that movements of attention across the visual field are quantal not analog, and to measure the different dynamics of automatic and controlled attention. We also developed a general method for measuring the time course of almost any perceptual event, and applied it to the perception of extremely brief flashes. Shui-I Shih and I developed a paradigm to show that early attentional filtering in search tasks, which is possible for space or time, works indirectly for physical features such as "colors", by enhancing processing at the locations and times at which attended colors occur. Steve Wurst, Zhong-Lin Lu, and I studied how attentional filtering in many feature dimensions and in combinations of dimensions can control the input to short-term memory. Revisiting an early theme, Karl Gegenfurtner and I worked out a computational model for the acquisition and decay of items in iconic memory.
Jan van Santen and I developed a mathematical theory based on elaborated Reichardt detectors to account for many of the essential phenomena of classical motion psychophysics. Then, Charles Chubb and I discovered motion displays that would be invisible to all motion detector mechanisms that had thus far been proposed, including Reichardt detectors. With these displays, we identified second-order motion and pattern perception systems not known previously, work that continued with Joshua Solomon and Peter Werkhoven. Recently, Zhong-Lin Lu and I developed a "pedestal" paradigm that enabled us to isolate and characterize the three visual motion-perception systems that operate simultaneously in human perception. Other projects, with many collaborators, involved dynamic image processing of American Sign Language to enable it to be transmitted on ordinary telephone channels. In teaching, I noted that precisely the same optimization computation is used in signal detection theory and in resource theories of attention. Barbara Dosher and I found that a similar optimization theory applies to cognitive strategies in information-processing tasks.
Some of the projects listed above have yielded such detailed flowcharts of "cognitive microprocesses" that it seemed it might be possible to localize these processes in the brain. So, recently, I've begun work in brain imaging with fMRI, and MEG, mainly in collaberation with Zhong-Lin Lu, as well as EEG (SSVEP) with Ramesh Srinivasan. The focus has been the identification of brain mechanisms of motion perception and attention.
I discovered early that collaborative research is the most fun, and my current research continues the themes in vision and attention with student, postdoctoral, and faculty colleagues.
The Human Information Processing Laboratory, where these projects are carried out, offers computer facilities for almost any project in perception or cognition. Students learn about cognitive science and also acquire facility with computer systems, with complex, modern experimental techniques, and with methods of modeling and formal theory construction, and develop the diverse technical skills they need to work at the forefront of knowledge. (2010)
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Sperling: Curriculum Vita
Sperling: Publications, Reprintings, Talks and Posters at Conferences, Invited
Lectures at Universities and Institutes (50pp).
Sperling: Publications including published abstracts, Reprintings,
Talks and Posters at Conferences,
Invited Lectures at Universities and Institutes (61pp).
This Week's Citation Classic:
Sperling, G.
The information available in brief visual presentations.
Psychological Monogr. 74: 1-29, 1960.
Current Contents,
1979,
21,
18.
(Historical background of this research.)
Anon Biography
(upon receipt of American Psychological Association,
Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award).
American Psychologist,
1989,
44,
626-628.
indicates "pdf download, may require Macintosh Acrobat 5.0 or PC Acrobat 4.0
or higher")
Sperling, G. (2018). A brief overview of computational models of spatial, temporal, and feature visual attention. In
T. Lachmann and T. Weis (eds).
Invariances in Human Information Processing.
New York, N.Y:
Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. Pp. 143-182.
Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (2001).
Three-systems theory of human visual motion perception: Review and
update. J. Opt. Soc. of Amer. A, 18, 2331-2370.
Sperling, G., Reeves, A., Blaser, E., Lu, Z.-L., & Weichselgartner, E. (2001).
Two computational models of attention.
In J. Braun, C. Koch, & J. L. Davis (Eds.),
Visual attention and cortical circuits.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Pp. 177-214 + four color plates.
Dosher, B. A., & Sperling, G. (1998). A century of human
information-processing theory: Vision, attention, and memory.
In J. Hochberg (Ed.), Perception and cognition at century's
end. New York: Academic Press. Pp. 199-252.
Sperling, G., & Lu, Z.-L. (1998). A systems analysis of visual
motion perception.
In T. Watanabe (Ed.), High-level motion processing.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Pp. 153-183.
Sperling, G., & Weichselgartner, E. (1995). Episodic theory of the dynamics
of spatial attention. Psychological Review, 102, 503-532.
Sperling, G., Chubb, C., Solomon, J. A., & Lu, Z.-L. (1994).
Full-wave and half-wave processes in second-order motion and texture.
In Higher-order processing in the visual system. Chichester, UK: Wiley
(Ciba Foundation Symposium, 184). Pp. 287-303. Discussion: Pp. 303-308.
Sperling, G., & Dosher, B. A. (1994). Depth from motion.
In T. V. Papathomas (Ed.),
Early vision and beyond.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Pp. 133-142.
Sperling, G. (1989). Three stages and two systems of visual processing.
Spatial Vision, 4 [Prazdny Memorial Issue], 183-207.
Sperling, G., & Dosher, B. A. (1986).
Strategy and optimization in human information processing.
In K. Boff, L. Kaufman, & J. Thomas (Eds.),
Handbook of perception and human performance: Vol. 1.
Sensory processes and perception. New York: Wiley. Pp. 2-1 to 2-65.
Gan, L., Sun, P., and Sperling, G. (2023). Deriving the number of salience maps an observer has from the number and quality of concurrent centroid judgments.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. (In press.)
Herrera, C., Chubb, C., Wright, C. E., Sun, P., and Sperling, G. (2022).
Color scrambles reveal red and green half-wave linear mechanisms plus a mechanism selective for low chromatic contrast.
Vision Research, 191,> 1-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2021.107964
Sun, P., Chu, V., and Sperling, G. (2021). Multiple concurrent centroid judgments imply multiple within-group salience maps.
Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics. 1-21. https:doi.org/10.3758/s13414-020-02197-7
Sperling, G., Sun, P., Liu, D., and Lin, L. (2020).
Theory of the perceived motion direction of equal-spatial-frequency plaid stimuli.
Psychological Review, 127(3), 305-326.
Includes Supplementary Material with links to video demos.
Supplementary Material with links to video demos
Zip file for download of Supplementary Material including folder of video demos
Lu, V. T., Wright, C. E., Chubb, C., & Sperling, G. (2019).
Variation in target and distractor heterogeneity impacts performance in the centroid task.
Journal of Vision, 19(4):21, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1167/19.4.21.
Rodriguez-Cintron, L. M., Wright, C. E., Chubb, C., Sperling, G. (2019).
How can observers use perceived size? Centroid versus mean-size judgments.
Journal of Vision, 19(3):3, 1-14.
Sun, P., Chubb, C., Wright, C. E., and Sperling, G. (2018).
High-capacity preconscious processing in concurrent groupings of colored dots.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A., 115(52), E12153–E12162. Dec 26, 2018.
Published online 2018 Dec 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1814657115.
----------- Seven theoretically predicted visual illusions subsequently observed -----------
Chubb, C., Solomon, J. A., & Sperling, G. (2018).
The contrast illusion.
In Shapiro, A. G. and Todorovic, D. (Eds)
The Oxford Compendium of Visual Illusions, New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Chapter 41, Pp. 337-343.
ISBN 9780199794607.
Lu, Z-L, & Sperling, G. (2018).
Second-order Mach bands, Chevreul, and Craik-O'Brian-Cornsweet illusions.
In Shapiro, A. G. and Todorovic, D. (Eds)
The Oxford Compendium of Visual Illusions, New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Chapter 53, Pp. 404-406.
ISBN 9780199794607.
Lu, Z-L, & Sperling, G. (2018).
Second-order reversed Phi.
In Shapiro, A. G. and Todorovic, D. (Eds)
The Oxford Compendium of Visual Illusions, New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Chapter 71, Pp. 522-526.
ISBN 9780199794607.
Lu, Z-L, & Sperling, G. (2018).
Attention generated apparent motion.
In Shapiro, A. G. and Todorovic, D. (Eds)
The Oxford Compendium of Visual Illusions, New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Chapter 72, Pp. 527-530.
ISBN 9780199794607.
Sperling, G., Lyu, S-H., Tseng, C-H., and Lu, Z-L. (2018).
The motion standstill illusion.
In Shapiro, A. G. and Todorovic, D. (Eds)
The Oxford Compendium of Visual Illusions, New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Chapter 78, Pp. 569-572.
ISBN 9780199794607.
Sperling, G. & Lu, Z-L. (2018).
Objectless motion: The pedestalled motion paradigm.
In Shapiro, A. G. and Todorovic, D. (Eds)
The Oxford Compendium of Visual Illusions, New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Chapter 79, Pp. 573-576.
ISBN 9780199794607.
Chubb, C., Darcy, J., Landy, M. S., Econopoly, J., Nam, J-H., Bindman, D., & Sperling, G. (2018).
The scramble illusion: Texture metamers.
In Shapiro, A. G. and Todorovic, D. (Eds)
The Oxford Compendium of Visual Illusions, New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Chapter 96, Pp. 668-672.
ISBN 9780199794607.
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Sperling, G. (2018). A brief overview of computational models of spatial, temporal, and feature visual attention. In
T. Lachmann and T. Weis (eds).
Invariances in Human Information Processing.
New York, N.Y:
Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. Pp. 143-182.
Sun, P., Chubb, C., Wright, C, E., & Sperling, G. (2016).
Human attention filters for single colors.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 1137(43),
1-9, E6712-E6720.
Published online October 10, 2016.
www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1614062113.
Sun, P., Chubb, C., Wright, C, E., & Sperling, G. (2016).
Quantifying feature-based attention in terms of attention filters.
Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics, 78(2), 474-515.
DOI 10.3758/s13414-015-0978-2.
Inverso, M., Sun, P., Chubb, C., Wright, C., & Sperling, G. (2016).
Evidence against global attention filters selective for absolute bar-orientation in human vision
Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics, 77.
DOI 10.3758/s13414-015-1005-3.
Tseng, C-H, Gobell, J. L., Sperling, G. (2015).
Factors that determine depth perception of trapezoids, windsurfers, runways.
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9(182), 1-14.
Sun, P., Chubb, C., & Sperling, G. (2015).
Two mechanisms that determine the Barber-Pole Illusion.
Vision Research, 111A, 43-54.
Sun, P., Chubb, C., & Sperling, G. (2014). A moving-barber-pole illusion.
Journal of Vision, 14(5):1, 1-27.
Chubb C, Scofield I, Chiao C-C, Sperling, G. (2012).
A method for analyzing the dimensions of preattentive visual sensitivity.
Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 56(6), 427-443.
Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (2012).
Black-White asymmetry in visual perception.
Journal of Vision, 12(10):8, 1-21. doi:10.1167/12.10.8
Krishnan, L., Kang, A., Sperling, G., and Srinivasan, R. (2012).
Neural strategies for selective attention distinguish fast-action video game players.
Brain Topography, DOI 10.1007/s10548-012-0232-3. 15pp.
Drew, S. A., Chubb, C. F., & Sperling, G. (2010).
Precise attention filters for Weber contrast derived from centroid estimations.
Journal of Vision, 10(10):20,
1-16.
Blaser, E. & Sperling, G. (2008).
When is motion motion?
Perception. 37,
624-627.
Chubb, C., Nam, J.-H., Bindman, D. R., & Sperling, G. (2007).
The three dimensions of human visual sensitivity to first-order contrast statistics.
Vision Research, 47,
2237-2248.
Ding, J., & Sperling, G. (2007).
Binocular combination: Measurements and a model.
In L. Harris & M. Jenkin (Eds.),
Computational vision in neural and machine systems.
Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Pp. 257-305
(HIPS is the Human Information Processing
Laboratory's Image Processing
System.)
A complete list of publications is available on request.
Appelbaum, L. G., Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (2007)
Contrast amplification in global texture orientation discrimination.
Journal of Vision, 10 (7),
1-19.
Tseng, C.-h., Gobell, J. L., Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (2006).
When motion appears stopped: Stereo motion standstill.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 103.
14953-14958.
Ding, J., Sperling, G., & Srinivasan, R. (2006).
Attentional modulation of SSVEP power depends on
the network tagged by the flicker frequency.
Cerebral Cortex, 16.
1016-1019
Ding, J., & Sperling, G. (2006)
A gain-control theory of binocular combination.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 103 (4),
1141-1146.
Gobell, J., Tseng, C.-h., & Sperling, G. (2004).
The spatial distribution of visual attention.
Vision Research, 44, 1273-1296.
Tseng, C.-h., Gobell, J., & Sperling, G. (2004).
Long-lasting sensitization to a given colour after visual search.
Nature, 428, 657-660.
Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (2003).
Measuring sensory memory: Magnetoencephalography habituation and psychophysics.
In Z.-L. Lu & L. Kaufman (Eds.),
Magnetic source imaging of the human brain.
Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Pp. 319-342.
Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (2002). Stereomotion is processed by the third-order
motion system: Reply to comment on "Three-systems theory of human visual motion
perception: review and update." J. Opt. Soc. of Amer. A, 19, 2144-2153.
Shih, S., & Sperling, G. (2002).
Measuring and modeling the trajectory of visual spatial attention.
Psychological Review, 109, 260-305.
Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (2001).
Three-systems theory of human visual motion perception: Review and
update.
J. Opt. Soc. of Amer. A, 18, 2331-2370.
Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (2001). Sensitive calibration and measurement
procedures based on the amplification principle in motion perception.
Vision Research, 41, 2355-2374.
Sperling, G., Reeves, A., Blaser, E., Lu, Z.-L., & Weichselgartner, E. (2001).
Two computational models of attention.
In J. Braun, C. Koch, & J. L. Davis (Eds.),
Visual attention and cortical circuits.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Pp. 177-214 + four color plates.
Sperling, G. (2001). Motion perception models.
In N. J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.),
2001 International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences,
Oxford, UK: Pergamon. Pp. 10093-10099.
or
(HTML)
Lu, Z.-L., Lesmes, L. A., & Sperling, G. (1999).
Perceptual motion standstill in rapidly moving chromatic displays.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 96,
15374-15379.
or
(HTML)
Blaser, E., Sperling, G., & Lu, Z.-L. (1999).
Measuring the amplification of attention.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 96,
11681-11686.
Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (1999). Second-order reversed phi.
Perception and Psychophysics, 61, 1075-1088.
or
(HTML)
Lu, Z.-L., Lesmes, L. A., & Sperling, G. (1999).
The mechanism of isoluminant chromatic motion perception.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 96,
8289-8294.
Sperling, G., & Lu, Z.-L. (1998). A systems analysis of visual
motion perception.
In T. Watanabe (Ed.),
High-level motion processing.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Pp. 153-183.
Dosher, B. A., & Sperling, G. (1998). A century of human
information-processing theory: Vision, attention, and memory.
In J. Hochberg (Ed.), Perception and cognition at century's
end. New York: Academic Press. Pp. 199-252.
Chubb, C., Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (1997). Structure detection:
A statistically certified unsupervised learning procedure. Vision
Research (Special Issue: The Vision of Natural and Complex Images), 37,
3343-3365.
Sperling, G. (1997). The goal of theory in experimental psychology.
In R. L. Solso (Ed.), Mind and brain sciences in the 21st century.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Pp. 253-264.
Sperling, G., Lu, Z.-L., & Chubb, C. (1996). First principles
of second-order perception. In 1996 SID International Symposium
Digest of Technical Papers: Vol. XXVII. Santa Ana, CA: Society for
Information Display. Pp. 961-964.
Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (1996).
Contrast gain control in first- and second-order motion perception.
J. Opt. Soc. of Amer. A, 13, 2305-2318.
Shih, S., & Sperling, G. (1996).
Is there feature-based attentional selection in visual search?
J. Exptl. Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 22, 758-779.
Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (1996). Three systems for visual motion perception.
Current Directions in Psychological Science, 5, 44-53.
Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (1996). Second-order illusions:
Mach bands, Chevreul, and Craik-O'Brien-Cornsweet. Vision
Research, 36, 559-572.
Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (1995). Attention-generated apparent
motion. Nature, 377, 237-239.
Sperling, G., & Weichselgartner, E. (1995).
Episodic theory of the dynamics of spatial attention.
Psychological Review, 102, 503-532.
Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (1995). The functional architecture
of human visual motion perception. Vision Research, 35,
2697-2722.
Sutter, A., Sperling, G., & Chubb, C. (1995). Measuring the
spatial frequency selectivity of second-order texture mechanisms.
Vision Research, 35, 915-924.
Solomon, J. A., & Sperling, G. (1995). 1st- and 2nd-order motion
and texture resolution in central and peripheral vision. Vision
Research, 35, 59-64.
Werkhoven, P., Sperling, G., & Chubb, C. (1994). Perception
of apparent motion between dissimilar gratings: Spatiotemporal
properties. Vision Research, 34, 2741-2759.
Shih, S., & Sperling, G. (1994). Using cluster analysis to discover and
characterize covert strategies. Psychological Science, 5, 175-178.
Sperling, G., Chubb, C., Solomon, J. A., & Lu, Z.-L. (1994).
Full-wave and half-wave processes in second-order motion and texture.
In Higher-order processing in the visual system.
Chichester, UK: Wiley (Ciba Foundation Symposium, 184).
Pp. 287-303. Discussion: Pp. 303-308.
Sperling, G., Solomon, J. A., Lu, Z.-L., & Chubb, C. (1994).
Visual preprocessing: First- and second-order processes in the perception of
motion and texture. In J. M. Zurada, R. J. Marks II, & C. J. Robinson (Eds.),
Computational intelligence: Imitating life. New York: IEEE Press,
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Pp. 223-236.
Solomon, J. A., & Sperling, G. (1994). Full-wave and half-wave
rectification in second-order motion perception. Vision Research, 34,
2239-2257.
Sperling, G., & Dosher, B. A. (1994). Depth from motion.
In T. V. Papathomas (Ed.),
Early vision and beyond.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Pp. 133-142.
Chubb, C., McGowan, J., Sperling, G., & Werkhoven, P. (1994).
Non-Fourier motion analysis.
In Higher-order processing in the visual system.
Chichester, UK: Wiley (Ciba Foundation Symposium, 184).
Pp. 193-205. Discussion: Pp. 206-210.
Solomon, J. A., Sperling, G., & Chubb, C. (1993). The lateral inhibition
of perceived contrast is indifferent to on-center/off-center segregation,
but specific to orientation. Vision Research, 33, 2671-2683.
Gegenfurtner, K., & Sperling, G. (1993). Information transfer in iconic memory
experiments. J. Exptl. Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 19,
845-866.
Werkhoven, P., Sperling, G., & Chubb, C. (1993). The dimensionality
of texture-defined motion: A single channel theory. Vision Research,
33, 463-485.
Sperling, G., Wurst, S. A., & Lu, Z.-L. (1992). Using repetition detection
to define and localize the processes of selective attention. In D. E. Meyer &
S. Kornblum (Eds.), Attention and performance XIV: Synergies in experimental
psychology, artificial intelligence, and cognitive neuroscience - A silver
jubilee. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Pp. 265-298.
Chubb, C., & Sperling, G. (1991). Texture quilts: Basic tools for studying
motion-from-texture. J. Math. Psychol., 35, 411-442.
Parish, D. H., & Sperling, G. (1991). Object spatial frequencies, retinal
spatial frequencies, noise, and the efficiency of letter discrimination.
Vision Research, 31, 1399-1415.
Landy, M. S., Dosher, B. A., Sperling, G., & Perkins, M. E. (1991).
The kinetic depth effect and optic flow--II. First- and second-order motion.
Vision Research, 31, 859-876.
Sperling, G. (1990). Comparison of perception in the moving and stationary
eye. In E. Kowler (Ed.), Eye movements and their role in visual
and cognitive processes. Amsterdam: Elsevier
Biomedical Press. Pp. 307-351.
Sperling, G., Dosher, B. A., & Landy, M. S. (1990). How to study the kinetic
depth effect experimentally. J. Exptl. Psychology: Human Perception &
Performance, 16, 445-450.
Farrell, J. E., Pavel, M., & Sperling, G. (1990). The visible persistence
of stimuli in stroboscopic motion. Vision Research, 30, 921-936.
Parish, D. H., Sperling, G., & Landy, M. S. (1990). Intelligent temporal
subsampling of American Sign Language using event boundaries.
J. Exptl. Psychology: Human Perception & Performance,
16, 282-294.
Sperling, G. (1989). Three stages and two systems of visual
processing. Spatial Vision, 4 [Prazdny Memorial
Issue], 183-207.
Chubb, C., Sperling, G., & Solomon, J. A. (1989). Texture interactions
determine perceived contrast. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences, USA, 86, 9631-9635.
Dosher, B. A., Landy, M. S., & Sperling, G. (1989). Kinetic depth effect
and optic flow--I. 3D shape from Fourier motion. Vision Research, 29,
1789-1813.
Sperling, G., Landy, M. S., Dosher, B. A., & Perkins, M. E. (1989).
Kinetic depth effect and identification of shape. J. Exptl.
Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 15, 426-440.
Dosher, B. A., Landy, M. S., & Sperling, G. (1989). Ratings of kinetic
depth in multidot displays. J. Exptl. Psychology: Human Perception
& Performance, 15, 816-825.
Chubb, C., & Sperling, G. (1989). Two motion perception mechanisms
revealed through distance-driven reversal of apparent motion. Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 86, 2985-2989.
Chubb, C., & Sperling, G. (1989). Second-order motion perception:
Space/time separable mechanisms. In Proceedings: Workshop
on Visual Motion (March 20-22, 1989, Irvine, California). Washington, DC:
IEEE Computer Society Press. Pp. 126-138.
Riedl, T. R., & Sperling, G. (1988). Spatial-frequency bands in complex
visual stimuli: American Sign Language. J. Opt. Soc. of Amer.
A, 5, 606-616.
Sperling, G. (1988). The magical number seven: Information processing
then and now. In W. Hirst (Ed.), The making of cognitive science:
Essays in honor of George A. Miller. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge
University Press. Pp. 71-80.
Chubb, C., & Sperling, G. (1988). Drift-balanced random stimuli: A
general basis for studying non-Fourier motion perception. J. Opt.
Soc. of Amer. A, 5, 1986-2007.
Pavel, M., Sperling, G., Riedl, T. R., & Vanderbeek, A. (1987).
Limits of visual communication: The effects of signal-to-noise
ratio on the intelligibility of American Sign Language. J. Opt.
Soc. of Amer. A, 4, 2355-2365.
Weichselgartner, E., & Sperling, G. (1987). Dynamics of automatic
and controlled visual attention. Science, 238, 778-780.
Sperling, G., & Dosher, B. A. (1986).
Strategy and optimization in human information processing.
In K. Boff, L. Kaufman, & J. Thomas (Eds.),
Handbook of perception and human performance: Vol. 1.
Sensory processes and perception.
New York: Wiley. Pp. 2-1 to 2-65.
8.8 Mbytes
1.3 Mbytes
Reeves, A., & Sperling, G. (1986). Attention gating in short-term
visual memory. Psychological Review, 93, 180-206.
Dosher, B. A., Sperling, G., & Wurst, S. A. (1986). Tradeoffs between
stereopsis and proximity luminance covariance as determinants of
perceived 3D structure. Vision Research,
26, 973-990.
Sperling, G. (1986). A signal-to-noise theory of the effects of luminance
on picture memory: Comment on Loftus. J. Exptl. Psychology: General,
115, 189-192.
Sperling, G., Landy, M. S., Cohen, Y., & Pavel, M. (1985). Intelligible
encoding of ASL image sequences at extremely low information rates.
Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, 31, 335-391.
Weichselgartner, E., & Sperling, G. (1985). Continuous measurement
of visible persistence. J. of Exptl. Psychology: Human Perception
and Performance, 11, 711-725.
Sperling, G., van Santen, J. P. H., & Burt, P. J. (1985). Three theories
of stroboscopic motion perception. Spatial Vision, 1, 47-56.
van Santen, J. P. H., & Sperling, G. (1985). Elaborated Reichard
detectors. J. Opt. Soc. of Amer. A, 2, 300-321.
Landy, M. S., Cohen, Y., & Sperling, G. (1984). HIPS: Image
processing under Unix. Software and applications. Behavior Research
Methods and Instrumentation, 16, 199-216.
Landy, M. S., Cohen, Y., & Sperling, G. (1984). HIPS: A Unix-based
image processing system. Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image
Processing, 25, 331-347.
Sperling, G. (1984). A unified theory of attention and signal detection.
In R. Parasuraman & D. R. Davies (Eds.), Varieties of attention.
New York: Academic Press. Pp. 103-181.
van Santen, J. P. H., & Sperling, G. (1984). Temporal covariance model
of human motion perception. J. Opt. Soc. Amer. A, 1, 451-473.
Kowler, E., & Sperling, G. (1983). Abrupt onsets do not aid visual
search. Perception and Psychophysics, 34, 307-313.
Schwartz, B. J., & Sperling, G. (1983).
Luminance controls the perceived 3D structure of dynamic 2D displays.
Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 17, 456-458.
Sperling, G., Pavel, M., Cohen, Y., Landy, M. S., & Schwartz, B. J. (1983).
Image processing in perception and cognition. In O. J. Braddick &
A. C. Sleigh (Eds.), Proceedings of Rank Prize Funds International Symposium
at the Royal Society of London, 1982. Springer Series in Information Sciences:
Vol. 11. Physical and Biological Processing of Images.
Berlin: Springer-Verlag. Pp. 359-378.
Sperling, G. (1983). Why we need iconic memory.
The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 6, 37-39.
Sperling, G. (1981). Video transmission of American Sign Language and
finger spelling: Present and projected bandwidth requirements.
In A. Habibi & A. N. Netravali (Eds.), IEEE Transactions on Communications
[Special Issue on Picture Communication Systems], Com-29, 1993-2002.
Burt, P., & Sperling, G. (1981). Time, distance, and feature trade-offs
in visual apparent motion. Psychological Review, 88, 171-195.
Sperling, G. (1981). Mathematical models of binocular vision. In S. Grossberg
(Ed.), Proceedings of the Symposium in Applied Mathematics of the American
Mathematical Society and the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics:
Vol. 13. Mathematical Psychology and Psychophysiology. Providence, RI:
American Mathematical Society, 281-300.
Kowler, E., & Sperling, G. (1980).
Transient stimulation does not aid visual search: Implication for the role of
saccades. Perception & Psychophysics, 27, 1-10.
Sperling, G., & Reeves, A. (1980).
Measuring the reaction time of a shift of visual attention.
In R. Nickerson (Ed.), Attention and performance VIII.
Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Pp. 347-360.
Didner, R., & Sperling, G. (1980).
Perceptual delay: A consequence of metacontrast and apparent motion.
J. Exptl. Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 6, 235-243.
Sperling, G. (1980). Bandwidth requirements for video transmission of American
Sign Language and finger spelling. Science, 210, 797-799.
Sperling, G. (1979). Critical duration, supersummation, and the narrow
domain of strength-duration experiments.
The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2, 279-281.
Sperling, G., & Melchner, M. J. (1978). Visual search, visual attention,
and the attention operating characteristic. In J. Requin (Ed.),
Attention and performance VII. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Pp. 675-686.
Sperling, G., & Melchner, M. J. (1978). The attention operating characteristic:
Examples from visual search. Science, 202, 315-318.
Sperling, G. (1978). Future prospects in language and communication for
the congenitally deaf. In L. Liben (Ed.), Deaf children: Developmental
perspectives. New York: Academic Press. Pp. 103-114.
Sperling, G., & Melchner, M. J. (1976). Estimating item and order information.
J. Math. Psychol., 13, 192-213.
Sperling, G. (1976). Movement perception in computer-driven visual displays.
Behavior Research Methods and Instrumentation, 8, 144-151.
Sperling, G., & Melchner, M. J. (1976). Visual search and visual attention. In
V. D. Glezer (Ed.), Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium of Sensory System
Physiology: Information Processing in Visual System. Leningrad: Academy
of Sciences, Pavlov Institute of Physiology. Pp. 224-230.
Sperling, G. (1971). Information retrieval from two rapidly consecutive
stimuli: A new analysis. Perception and Psychophysics, 9, 89-91.
Sperling, G. (1971). (1) Computer parasites and hosts: Practical advice
on how to be a successful parasite at your host's computer installation.
(2) The description and luminous calibration of CRO visual displays.
(3) Flicker in computer-generated visual displays: Selecting a
CRO phosphor and other problems. (4) Stereoscopic visual displays:
Principles, viewing devices, alignment procedures. Behavior Research
Methods and Instrumentation, 3, 147-158.
Sperling, G., Budiansky, J., Spivak, J. G., & Johnson, M. C. (1971). Extremely
rapid visual search: The maximum rate of scanning letters for the presence of a
numeral. Science, 174, 307-311.
Sperling, G. (1970). Binocular vision: A physical and a neural theory.
Amercan Journal of Psychology, 83, 461-534.
Sperling, G. (1970). Short-term memory, long-term memory, and scanning in the
processing of visual information. In F. A. Young & D. B. Lindsley (Eds.),
Early experience and visual information processing in perceptual and
reading disorders. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences.
Pp. 198-218.
Sperling, G. (1970). Model of visual adaptation and contrast detection.
Perception and Psychophysics, 8, 143-157.
Sperling, G., & Speelman, R. G. (1970). Acoustic similarity and auditory
short-term memory: Experiments and a model. In D. A. Norman (Ed.),
Models of human memory. New York: Academic Press. Pp. 149-202.
Sperling, G., & Sondhi, M. M. (1968). Model for visual luminance discrimination
and flicker detection. J. Opt. Soc. of Amer., 58, 1133-1145.
Sperling, G. (1968). Phonemic model of short-term auditory memory.
In Proceedings, 76th Annual Convention of the American Psychological
Association, 3, 63-64.
Novak, S., & Sperling, G. (1967). Increment thresholds [Letter].
J. Opt. Soc. of Amer., 57, 542.
Sperling, G. (1967). Successive approximations to a model for short-term
memory. Acta Psychologica, 27, 285-292.
Sperling, G. (1965). Temporal and spatial visual masking. I. Masking by
impulse flashes. J. Opt. Soc. of Amer., 55, 541-559.
Sperling, G. (1964). Linear theory and the psychophysics of flicker.
Documenta Ophthalmologica, 18, 3-15.
Novak, S., & Sperling, G. (1963). Visual thresholds near a continuously visible
or briefly presented light-dark boundary. Optica Acta, 10, 187-191.
Sperling, G. (1963). A model for visual memory tasks.
Human Factors, 5, 19-31.
Averbach, E., & Sperling, G. (1961). Short term storage of information in
vision. In C. Cherry (Ed.), Information theory.
Washington, DC: Butterworth & Co. Pp. 196-211.
Sperling, G. (1960). The information available in brief visual presentations.
Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 74(11, Whole No. 498).
Pp. 1-29.
Sperling, G. (1960). Negative afterimage without prior positive image.
Science, 131, 1613-1614.Abstracts 1996-1999
Sperling, G., Blaser, E., & Lu, Z.-L. (1999). The perceptual amplification of
attention to color [Abstract]. Perception, 28(Suppl.), 57.
Sperling, G., & Blaser, E. (1998). Measuring the amplification factor of
attention to color [Abstract]. Abstracts of the Psychonomic
Society, 2, 24.
Sperling, G., & Shih, S. (1998).
A mathematical theory of iconic memory and attention. [Abstract].
Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 42, 507-8.
Richman, S. N., & Sperling, G. (1998). Perception of line-segment
textures [Abstract]. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science,
39(Suppl. 4), S857.
Sperling, G., & Lu, Z.-L. (1998). Update on the three-motion-systems theory
[Abstract]. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual
Science, 39(Suppl. 4), S461.
Blaser, E., & Sperling, G. (1998). Measuring attention to color using
an equivalent chromaticity paradigm [Abstract]. Investigative Ophthalmology
and Visual Science, 39(Suppl. 4), S873.
George Sperling, Abstracts of the Marschak Colloquium at UCLA.
Sperling, G., & Shih, S. (1997). Measuring and modeling selective
attention in early visual processing [Abstract]. Abstracts of the
Psychonomic Society, 2, 18.
Blaser, E., Sperling, G., & Lu, Z.-L. (1997). Measuring the
spatial resolution of visual attention [Abstract]. Investigative
Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 38(Suppl. 4), S687.
Chubb, C., Lu, Z.-L., & Sperling, G. (1997). Statistically certified
unsupervised learning [Abstract]. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual
Science, 38(Suppl. 4), S257.
Sperling, G., & Lu, Z.-L. (1997). Proving the independence of first- and
second-order motion systems [Abstract]. Investigative Ophthalmology and
Visual Science, 38(Suppl. 4), S237.
Lu, Z.-L., Sperling, G., & Beck, J. R. (1997). Selective adaptation
of three motion systems [Abstract]. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual
Science, 38(Suppl. 4), S237.
Sperling, G., & Lu, Z.-L. (1996). The functional architecture
of visual motion perception [Abstract]. International Journal of
Psychology, 31(3/4), 362.
Sperling, G. (1996). New theories of motion perception [Abstract].
International Journal of Psychology, 31(3/4),362.
Sperling, G. (1996). The mechanism of visual attention is the
spatio-temporal salience map [Abstract]. International Journal of
Psychology, 31(3/4), 258.
Shih, S., & Sperling, G. (1996). The time course of covert visual
attention shift [Abstract]. International Journal of
Psychology, 31(3/4), 109.
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Human
Information Processing Laboratory: George Sperling, Staff; AIC
Conference; Classes
Department of Cognitive Sciences
Department of Cognitive Sciences Faculty
Department of Neurobiology and Behavior
Institute for Mathematical Behavioral Sciences
UC Irvine School of Social Sciences